基础知识

安装

https://cmake.org/download/

Demo

代码结构：

demo/
├── CMakeLists.txt
└── src
    └── main.c

1 directory, 2 files

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.21)

project(
        demo_executable
        VERSION 1.0
        DESCRIPTION "A simple C project to demonstrate basic CMake usage"
        LANGUAGES C)

add_executable(demo)
target_sources(demo PRIVATE src/main.c)

main.c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
        printf("Hello CMake!\n");
}

运行：

cd demo
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
cmake --build .
./demo
# Hello CMake!

MakeLists.txt

内置变量

  • PROJECT_DESCRIPTION: 项目的描述字符串
  • PROJECT_HOMEPAGE_URL: 项目的URL字符串
  • PROJECT_VERSION: 项目的完整版本信息
  • PROJECT_VERSION_MAJOR: 版本字符串的第一个数字
  • PROJECT_VERSION_MINOR: 版本字符串的第二个数字
  • PROJECT_VERSION_PATCH: 版本字符串的第三个数字
  • PROJECT_VERSION_TWEAK: 版本字符串的第四个数字
  1. 变量
    • set(YEAR 2023)
    • unset(YEAR)
    • message(STATUS “It’s ${YEAR}”)
  2. 列表
    • set(MYLIST hello world)
    • set(MYLIST “hello;world”)
    • list(APPEND MYLIST “cmake”)
  3. 属性
    • set_property
    • get_property
  4. 循环和条件
    • if(DEFINED MY_VAR)
    • if(MYVAR STREQUAL “FOO”)
    • while(MYVAR LESS “5”)
    • endwhile()
    • foreach(ITEM IN LISTS MYLIST)
    • endforeach()
    • foreach(ITEM RANGE 0 10)
    • endforeach()
  5. 函数
    • function(foo ARG1)
    • endfunction()
    • foo(“bar”)
  6. 宏
    • macro()
    • endmacro()
  7. 目标
    • add_executable
    • add_library
    • add_custom_target
  8. 生成器表达式
    • $
  9. CMake 策略
    • cmake_minimum_required

CMake 的最佳使用方式

命令行

CMake \
	-G "Unix Makefiles" \
	-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Release \
	-S . \
	-B ./build \
	--clean-first
	-- --trace

VERSION not allowed unless CMP0048 is set to NEW

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.25)

VIsual Studio Code

CMake Tools

F1

  • cmake quick start
  • CMake: Configure
  • Cmake: Build
  • Cmake: Clean

Debug

  • CMake: Set debug target
  • CMake: Debug(Ctrl+F5)
  • CMake: run without Debugging(Shift+F5)

参数

  • .vscode/settings.json
{
    "cmake.debugConfig": {
    "args": [
        "Hello"
    ]
}

Doxygen

sudo apt install doxygen
sudo apt install graphviz
sudo apt install openjdk-17-jre-headless

Could not find PLANTUML_JAR_PATH using the following files: plantuml.jar

wget -c https://github.com/plantuml/plantuml/releases/download/v1.2023.1/plantuml-1.2023.1.jar
sudo cp plantuml-1.2023.1.jar /usr/bin/plantuml.jar

参考